Case Studies

Case 1: A student nurse feeling unwell (Part 3 Immunity)

Carly is a first-year student nurse who lives in the halls of residence; she has been to see the GP. She tells the GP that for the last week she has had no appetite, she feels chilly, is exhausted mentally and physically, her muscles are aching and she has not been well enough to go to the gym. Yesterday she had a fever and headache and is still warm and achy today. The doctor examines Carly to find a reddened throat with enlarged tonsils and swollen cervical glands. Carly tells the doctor she just feels dreadful. The doctor examines Carly's abdomen and he notes that her spleen is enlarged. A blood specimen is taken for the presence of the Epstein-Barr virus.

• 1. In the above case what may be the diagnosis? Give a rationale for your choice.

• 2. How are viruses transmitted?

• 3. Provide an explanation for the various types of immunity.

• 4. What are the principles of care underpinning protective isolation?

Consider the ways in which the nurse can help prevent the onward transmission of this condition and the health education and health promotion activities that may be required.

Think about the immune system and the role and function of the spleen with regards to immunity.